Power transmission by hydraulic means



May 24, 1927. R. CAUT I POWER wm'usmssxon BY ngmmuuc Ems File d March 51 1 21 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 4 1927. May 2 R. CAUT POWER TRANSMISSION BY HYDRAULIC MEANS Fi led March :1. 192; 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented May 24. 1927. i I a, UNITED" STATES; PATENT OFFICE.

ammonia cum, on cum, rnamm rowan rmsmssron BY mix-antic l nens. Application med March 81, 1981 Serial 1T0. 457,468, amen .France February 25, 1920. seamen unnia THE raovrsrons or ran ACT or lemon 3, 1921, 4; arm. 1., 1313.)

The present, invention relates to an apcauses the automatic variation of theeccenparatus for automatically regulating the tricity of the crank pin of the pump by reaspeed through the resistant couple, for the son ofthe pumping pressure.- But it is ap-,. 1' hydraulic transmission of power. parent that this pressure is itself a resistant 5 'Hydraulic power transmissions are now cou le function applied on the receiver 0 known in which a heat motor of any type (driven) shaft; consequently, the above actuates a pump mounted on a closed circharacterized arrangement permits of autocuit comprising a receiver, said pump setmatically var ing the speed of the receiver ting in circulation a liquid contained in said g (shaft) as a unetion of the resistant couple. 10 circuit, which transmits to the receiver the The accompanying drawing shows, by 6 energy furnished by the heat motor. way of example, an embodiment of the ini In such .transmissionsthe rate of rotation vention applied to a known type of h drauof the receiver depends on the feed of the lie transmission, the pump actuated y the pump actuated by the motor; if the speed of heat motor being shown only to facilitate this motor is constant, the feed of the pump, thedescription and explain it. 7 and consequentl the angular speed of the Fig. 1 is a front elevation partly in secreceiver, de en s on the travel of the pistion of a known type of pump w'thoscillattons. vOn t eother hand, the travel of the in casings or barrels. A I pistons depends obviously on the eccentricity 1g. 2 is a transverse section on the line of the crank pin of-the crankshaft actnat- 2-2 of Fig. 1, showing the regulating aping these pistons; there are also devices by paratus in accordance with the invention.

means of which the eccentricity can be varied Fig. '3 is a sectional detail on the line 3-3. at will between zeroand a determined maxiof Fig. 2. p mum. The pump shown consists essentially of The device forming the subject of the inan annular body 1 com rising a circumvention is intended particularly for the purferential series of clindr1cal seats in which pose of causing the automatic variation of casings2 rotate. ach casing is provided the eccentricity of'the crank pin operating with a cylindrical bore 3 in which a piston as a resistant couple, so-that the resistant head 4 operates. ,A rod 5 is ii idly conforce will always be less than the determined nect'ed with each isto-n head. T e several maximum. This arrangement is applied rods 5 are pivote at the inner ends'therespecifically to pumps in which the crank pin of by pins 6 and are arranged in a circular may be put out of center for a greater or ess series in a' groove of a sleeve 7 adapted to 1 extent by the rotation of a screw having a rotate freelyabout a crank pin 8, the trun- 35 steep pitch, caused by the translation (trans nions 11, 12, of which rotate in the bearings mission) with respect thereto of a movable 13, 14. I a

slide, which, however, is not rotatable with The body 1 is mounted between two plates respect to the screw. 15, 16 the latter being formed with central The apparatus forming the subject of the openings for receiving the bearings 13 and 40 invention is characterized in that the slide 14. The body 1 is also provided with two forming the nut of the steep-pitched screw annular recesses 18, 191011 the periphery is integral with a pistonmovingin a cyli'nthereof leaving a dividinglweb 17, while der which it divides into two chambers, one the recesses are closed by t e rings 18' and of which is filled with, a constant mass of 19' U I 45 elastic fluid, and the other being connected, I ach cavity 18, 19 communicates with by means of a tube system, with the diseach cylindrical seat of the casings 2. c arge passage of the pump. through two oblique passages 20, 21, empty- Consequently, in order that the system in into said mats at a distance from each or apparatus be balanced, it is necessary that ot er e ual 'to' the diameter of the openin 50 at each instant-the pneumatic pressure be 3, in or er not to communicate directly witfi equal to the pressure transmitted by the each other and that one thereof may always fluid or liquid whichthe pump operates be. closed by the circumferential periphery when this latter pressure varies the. piston of the casing 2.

moves until equilibrium. is reestablished; The cavities 18 and 19 thus form two eol- 66 the slide-nut moves at'thesame-time and thus lectors uniting all the passages 20 or 21 out of center, as

located on the same side of the apparatus. Opposite each of these collectors an on the external part of each plate 15, 16 are arranged four perforated bosses 22 permitting of connecting each collector, throu h one or more branches, with the intake an exhaust passages.

Inorder to permit of the regulation of the eccentricity of thecrank pin 8, the trunnions of the crankshaft are provided inside the casing of the pump with plates 40, 41, on each of which are pivoted one of the ends of a lever 42 43, these levers being connected to each other by means of the crank pin 8, the radius of eccentricity of which it is desired to render variable.

Mounted at the center of the two plates 40, 41 are discs 44, 45 which are integral with an eccentric rod 46 passing through the crank pin 8 longitudinally into a recess 47 provided across the latter. This recess 1s made in such manner that the eccentric rod 46 may carry along the pin 8, with the two levers 42,43 which it carries, the latter rotating then with their respective pivotal to secure by axes 48, 49.

The disc 44 of the eccentric rod 46 is integrally united with a steep-pitched screw 23 on which is screwed a nut 24, the outer eriphery of which is square and is engaged y easy friction in an opening of the same form provided in the trunnion 11, so that 's nut is capable of movement-only with .res act to the screw 23.

t is apparent that translation (movement) of the nut 24 causes rotation of the screw 23, and hence, the displacement or movement of the eccentric rod 46. This movement determines the rotation of the ever, 42 about the axis 48, and consequently that of the lever 43 about the axis 49. Consequently the crank pin 8 is more or less put shown on Fig. 3.

As has been stated, the invention consists in anapparatus for automatically controllin .the movement of the nut 24.

aid nut 24 partakes in the rotation of the on 11; a projection 11 receivesa ball bearing 25 integral with a iston 26 which slides in a cylinder 27,and orms there two chambers, one of which 27'. filled with air, and the other 1s connected the amp. e initial pressure in the chamber 27 is greater than th elements, so that it tends to move the nut 24 so as to bring'the crank in 8 into the position of maximum eccentricity, that is to say, along the H of Fig. 3.. When the ce increases the pressure on expulsion' or exhaust increases and, as this pressure prevails in chamber 27 it moves the piston 26 h compressing the air contained the c r 27 and decreasing the eccenis constantly of which 27 b with the exhaust tubesystem of' e passive resistance of the tricity of the crank pin 8. Balance or equilibrium is established when the pnuematic pressure or air becomes equal to the hydraulic pressure, and it is apparent that the reverse phenomena are produced when the resistance decreases.

In order to limit the speed so as not to exceed a predetermined value, it'is possible, according to the invention, to vary the initial tension of the compressible fluid in the chamber 27. For this purpose the cylinder is made movable and slides in a bore of a boss 28 of the flange 15; the position of the cylinder 27 is determined by the angular position of the lever 29 which is combined with a locking sector 30. By this means it is possibleto vary the capacity of the compressed air chamber 27 and consequently the initial tension of the fluid contained therein.

It is apparent that the apparatus of the invention may be applied to types of pumps other than that represented, and in general to all piston pumps. What-I claim as my invention and desire LettersPatent is: a pump the combination with the crank 'pin thereoi}, of a slide for controlling I the eccentricity o the pin mcluding a screw having a steep pitch directly connected with the end of the crank pin and an internally threaded sleeve operating on the screw, a slidably mounted tight cylinder, a piston head connected with the sleeve and dividing the cylinder into two chambers, one of which is adapted to contain a non-compressible fluid and the other air, a pivotally mounted lever, a stop carried with the lever and bearin against the outer end of the cylinder and a locking sector with which the lever is associated.

2. In a pump of the character described, a casing, a crank pin, a screw having a steep pitch connected to one end of the crank pin, a correspondingly and internally threaded sleeve associated with the screw, a tight cylinder slidably mounted in a portion of the casing of the pump, a piston head swivelly connected to the sleeve and operating in the cylinder and dividing the same into two 0 ambers, one ofwhich is adapted to'contain a non-compressible fluid and the other air, a manually operable controlling lever ivoted to the pumpcasing, a sector carried y the pump casing with which the lever is associated'and .a stop carried with the lever and bearin against the outer end of the tight cylin er, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

Y a pump of the type described the combination with the crank pin of. the pump, of a slide for controlling the eccentricity of the crank pin, a iston arran d in substantial longitudinal afignment wi the slide, means directly connecting said piston thepiston, one of said chambers being filled with a non-compressible fluid, and means for vconnecting the other chamber with the discharge of the pump,

4. In a pump of the character described the combination with the crank pin thereof,

of a slide for controlling the eccentricity of thetcrank pin, a piston arranged in substantial longitudinal alignment With the slide and connected thereto, a tight cylinder slidably mounted in a portion of the pump casing for receiving the piston and the portion of the slide, a piston dividing the cylinder into two compartments one of which is filled with a non-compressible fluid, means for causing a variation of the initial pressure of said fluid, and means connectingthe other compartment with the exhaust passage of the pump.

5. In a pump of the character described the combination with a crank pin thereof, ofaslide movable longitudinally with respect to the axis of the crank pin for controlling the eccentricity thereof, a piston arranged in substantial longfitudinal alignmentwith' the slide, means for directly con- I necting the iston to the slide, a tight cylinder slidab y mounted in a portion of the casing of the pump and. houslng the piston and a portion of the slide, the piston dividing the cylinder into two chambers one of which is filled with a non-compressible fluid, a lever pivoted on the pump casing, a stop member integral with said lever and bearing against said cylinder, means for locking the lever in position, and means for connecting the other chamber of the cylinder to the discharge passage of the pump.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

- RAYMOND CAUT. 

